带键槽梁底筋锚入式预制梁柱连接塑性铰长度研究

针对混凝土构件在反复荷载作用下的受力特点,提出了拉-压综合塑性铰长度概念;通过低周反复荷载试验,研究了带键槽梁底筋锚入式预制梁柱连接的塑性铰特点,并得出了拉-压综合塑性铰长度的试验结果;以Panagiotakos模型为基础,提出了考虑预制形式、混凝土局部横向约束和配筋率影响的修正塑性铰长度模型。结果表明：拉-压综合塑性铰长度可综合反映反复荷载作用下塑性铰的损伤情况;带键槽梁底筋锚入式预制梁柱连接塑性铰形态与现浇对比试件略有差别;修正的塑性铰长度模型可以较好地预测该类梁柱连接拉-压综合塑性铰长度。     

钢梁-钢筋混凝土柱单剪板连接节点约束弯矩试验研究

钢梁与混凝土柱单剪板连接节点形式简单、施工方便。在单剪板节点结构设计中,通常把该类节点简化成铰接节点,认为其只传递剪力和轴力,忽略梁端弯矩的作用,从而高估了预埋件的承载能力,给结构留下了安全隐患。为了研究单剪板连接节点的受力性能,对3个不同螺栓布置的钢梁-钢筋混凝土柱单剪板连接节点进行了静力加载试验,研究了螺栓数量、螺栓直径等因素对试件破坏模式、荷载-挠度曲线和约束弯矩的影响。结果表明：钢梁-钢筋混凝土柱单剪板连接节点的约束弯矩随螺栓群惯性矩的增大而增大;试件的承载力和刚度受高强螺栓布置数量的影响较大,受螺栓直径的影响较小。在试验研究的基础上,建立了单剪板连接节点的受力简化模型,根据模型给出了约束弯矩计算方法和弹性阶段节点折算偏心距计算公式,其计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

装配式钢管混凝土柱-双钢梁框架节点受力性能试验研究

针对一种适合装配式结构的钢管混凝土柱-双钢梁框架体系,对其2个典型平面节点和2个典型空间节点进行单调和循环加载试验,以研究加载模式和节点类型对节点破坏形态、承载力、刚度、延性及耗能能力的影响。结果表明：试件的破坏均发生在梁端,柱与节点域保持完好,满足“强柱弱梁、强节点弱构件”的抗震设计要求;试件的位移延性系数为2.6~3.6,能量耗散系数为1.7~2.2,耗能能力与型钢混凝土节点相当;加载模式(单调或循环)相同而节点类型(平面或空间)不同时,节点性能差异小;加载模式不同而节点类型相同时,节点性能差异大：循环荷载作用下的节点梁端焊缝发生拉裂破坏,位移延性系数较小。该种节点静力性能较好,但从提高抗断裂能力出发,需进一步改进构造,对焊缝分布进行优化设计。     

逐级加载下浅埋软岩隧道动力破坏振动台试验

浅埋隧道围岩的质量普遍较低,整体稳定性差,隧道震害表明强震作用下浅埋隧道极易发生震动破坏。通过开展V级围岩条件下浅埋隧道在小震下的震动响应和逐级加载下的震动垮塌振动台试验,研究了小震作用下围岩加速度沿地层的分布、衬砌结构的内力变化和围岩内部的水平位移变化规律,强震作用下衬砌结构裂缝开展和围岩震动垮塌。结果表明:围岩加速度随距地表距离的减小而增加,地表加速度约为拱顶处加速度的1.63倍,相同高度平面内靠近隧道的围岩振动具有一定的加强;隧道拱顶围岩内部的水平位移大约是拱腰围岩内部的1.23倍,围岩内部位移随着远离隧道而逐渐减小,随着震动烈度的增加而不断增加;隧道拱顶上方垮塌区形状近似漏斗,震动引起隧道衬砌结构拱脚处的轴力和弯矩变化最大,且拱肩和拱脚处裂缝分布最多,应加强拱肩和拱脚处结构的抗震性能。     

Fully-coupled simulations of thermally-induced cracking in pegmatite due to microwave irradiation

Fully-coupled thermo-mechanical simulations are implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics to investigate micro-scale stress-strain variability in pegmatite specimens subjected to thermal loading using microwaves. Thermally-induced compressive and tensile stresses increase as the microwave irradiation duration increases. The dielectric constant, coefficient of expansion, and type and size of mineralogical boundary have significant impacts on the responses of the rock to microwave irradiation. The maximum principal stress of the chlorite is the smallest, indicating that the chlorite experiences the most damage under microwave irradiation, followed by the quartz. The maximum principal stress values of plagioclase and orthoclase are larger, indicating that they are likely to incur the least damage. Where quartz or chlorite is dominant, the resulting von Mises stresses are consistently higher after 120 s of microwave irradiation. The rate of generation of von Mises stresses increases most rapidly along the interface between quartz and plagioclase, and the interface between quartz and orthoclase, followed by the interface between quartz and chlorite, and finally the interface between plagioclase and orthoclase. The presented modeling approach provides a practical method to investigate stress-strain relationships within mineralogical boundaries inside a rock thin section.     

Parametric study of the use and optimization of tuned mass dampers to control the wind‐ and seismic‐induced responses of a slender monument

Passive energy dissipation devices have been used around the world to mitigate the response of structures under dynamic excitations, such as wind or seismic loading. The use of tuned mass dampers (TMD) in tall and slender buildings to reduce unwanted responses has proved to be very effective. The main purpose of this work is to study the structural behavior of a 115‐m‐height slender monument fitted with TMDs subjected to simulated wind and seismic loading. Turbulent wind forces were calculated based on samples of turbulent wind speed simulated with an auto regressive and moving average (ARMA) model. Ground motions compatible with a seismic site spectrum were also simulated. An optimization approach is suggested to determine the parameters of the TMDs that reduce the structural response to the maximum. The effectiveness of the TMDs for reducing the structural response of the monument is discussed in detail, and the use of optimally tuned TMDs is emphasized.     

Dynamic stress analysis for fatigue damage prognosis of long-span bridges

For fatigue damage prognosis of a long-span steel bridge, the dynamic stress analysis of critical structural components of the bridge under the future dynamic vehicle loading is essential. This paper thus presents a framework of dynamic stress analysis for fatigue damage prognosis of long-span steel bridges under the future dynamic vehicle loading. The multi-scale finite element (FE) model of the bridge is first developed using shell/plate elements to simulate the critical structural components (local models) and using beam/truss elements to simulate the rest part of the bridge (global model). With the appropriate coupling of the global and local models, the multi-scale FE model can accurately capture simultaneously not only the global behavior in terms of displacement and acceleration but also the local behavior in terms of stress and strain. A vehicle traffic load model is then developed for forecasting the future vehicle loading based on the recorded weigh-in-motion (WIM) data and using the agent-based traffic flow microsimulation. The forecasted future vehicle loading is finally applied on the multi-scale model of a real long-span cable-stayed bridge for dynamic stress analysis and fatigue damage prognosis. The obtained results show that the proposed framework is effective and accurate for dynamic stress analysis and fatigue damage prognosis.     

典型故障对直齿轮啮合刚度的影响

以外啮合圆柱直齿轮为研究对象,采用有限元法计算典型故障齿的啮合刚度,分析故障齿齿面应力分布特征以及主动轮的齿向载荷分配,研究含齿根裂纹、齿面断裂、齿面点蚀故障的齿轮副对啮合刚度的影响以及载荷变化引起的裂纹故障齿的啮合刚度的变化。分析结果表明:贯通裂纹齿啮合刚度相比斜裂纹齿啮合刚度变化明显,单齿啮合刚度变化更为突出;载荷较小时裂纹故障齿啮合刚度随载荷增大而增大,载荷超过一定值后啮合刚度趋于定值;齿面断裂面的大小严重影响齿轮啮合刚度。     

电动直线负载模拟系统建模与混合校正分析

为测试直线舵机的综合性能,设计了一种由永磁同步电机和滚珠丝杠副进行中间力转换的电动直线负载模拟系统,并建立了该系统的数学模型,结合系统的控制方程,分析了系统的稳定性和多余力矩产生机制,并提出了一种速度环补偿策略,有效抑制了多余力矩;为提高系统加载精度和动态性能,采用非均匀三角隶属度函数的模糊PID控制取代传统PID控制。实验结果表明:该控制算法能够提高力加载跟踪精度和系统动态性能,满足"双十指标",具有一定的工程参考价值。     

纯滚动单圆弧齿轮的齿面相对主曲率半径和齿面接触应力分析

根据微分几何原理对纯滚动单圆弧齿轮进行曲率MATLAB仿真,分析了纯滚动单圆弧齿轮的不同参数对相对主曲率半径的影响;基于弹性接触变形理论,计算纯滚动单圆弧齿轮传动的齿面接触应力,考查主要参数对纯滚动单圆弧齿轮齿面接触应力的影响,为后续的纯滚动圆弧齿轮的设计制造具有重要意义,为开发新型的齿轮接触强度计算提供借鉴。